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Izilwane zokuphatha zingaba into enkulu yokuvutha kumsebenzi wokulima ngokwezindustria. Lezi zilwane, njengezilwane zokuphatha nezilwane zokuphatha, zingakhathaza izihlahla ezilimile ngabasebenzi. Xa izihlahla ziphathwa, abasebenzi bafuneka bakhulele ukuphila ngaphandle kokubhukha nokudla kungahleli kufunyanwa. Kodwa le nto yena yoyika okubalulekileyo ukuba abasebenzi bazi indlela yokuphatha lezi zilwane. Ukuzazi ukuba zilwane ziphi eziphathayo kwaye ukuzazi indlela yokuziphatha kungakwenza ukuba ukutya kubuyele kubonakala kubuhle kwaye kungasiza ekusetyenziseni iinkulungwane zokudla. amakhemikali wezindlala ukufumana ukutya okuhle kwaye ukubona ukuba kubonakala kubuhle. Abasebenzi bangayiphatha amaphansi awo kwaye ngokupheleleyo bangabone ukutya okuhle ngamathuba apha aphathwayo ngokuchanekileyo.

Kuphi kufuneka kufumaneke izisombululo esinokusebenza sokuphatha izilwane zokuphatha kwisiseko sokulima?

Kubalulekile ukuba abafazimeli bafunde izisombululo esibonakalayo sokukhupha amadoda amanqanqana. Isinye sokuqala kukuba abafazimeli babonele amaservisi e-Extension wezokulwa kwezindawo. Bakhupha umyalelo kunye nezibalo ngemibhalo yezinto ezilandelayo ichemical yokulima izilimi . Bangakhupha abafazimeli ngemithombo emisha yezindlela nezinto zokusebenza. Umthombo omuhle nguizifundiswa eziqhelekileyo nezilwimi zokulwa. Zinokwenza umbono ngokukhupha amadoda amanqanqana kwaye zinokhupha izibalo. Abafazimeli banokwazi ukuthi kwiworkshops, nokuba kwi-seminars apho banokufunda ngokukhupha amadoda amanqanqana kubabingeleli.

I-CIE Chemical inokhupha izinto ezinokusiza ekukhupheni amadoda amanqanqana. Lezi zinto ziyasebenzisa kumathuba okukhupha amadoda amanqanqana angaphezu kwezinye. Zinokusetyenziswa ukukhupha amadoda amanqanqana ngaphandle kokukhupha amadoda amanqanqana okukhupha izilwimi. Abafazimeli kufuneka baphinde baphatha indlela ye-Integrated Pest Management (IPM). Le ndlela iyahlukanisa izindlela ezininzi zokukhupha amadoda amanqanqana, kubandakanya amadoda amanqanqana okukhupha izilwimi, amaqhina, kunye nezilwimi zokukhupha amadoda amanqanqana. Le ndlela inokuba yinkulu kunye neyodwa.

Izikhungo ezininzi zinika imithombo yezicakathi nezindlela zokulawula izilwane zokuhlupha. Kunezifundo eziphakathi apho abafundi bakhubaza imibuzo baphambanise nabanye abasebenzisi. Kunezizigaba zesixhobo sesoqobo esisemthwakathini esisiseko ngokufunda ukufunda, esinokusebenzisa kakhulu. Ngale miyalelo, abafundi banokufunda ngokucacileyo ukuthini okuhle kakhulu ukulawula izilwane zokuhlupha zezinyawo.

Izinto zokuthengiselwa ngamaphepha angaphi eziyintloko kakhulu ukulawula izilwane zokuhlupha zezinyawo?

Kunezinto ezininzi zokuthengiselwa ngamaphepha ukulawula izilwane zokuhlupha zezinyawo. Unezinketho ezimbalwa kwi-CIE Chemical ezinokusebenza kakhulu kubafundi. Inketho eyinkimbinkimbi yizilwane zokuhlupha, okanye izinto ezingenzi inkunzi ezihluphe izilwane ezihluphe. Abafundi kufuneka bafunde izinketho ezingenzi inkunzi kumazwe amanzi namazwe athi. Iziphi na izilwane zokuhlupha zinokubhekisa kumnye umntu wokuhlupha kuphela, ngoko ke azikho inkunzi yokuhlupha eya kwenza ingqalelo kumnye umntu othandekayo ongahleli kumazwe amanzi namazwe athi.

Isiqulatho esinye esikhulu sasezinto zokugcina izilwane zisizwe sezinto ezinamagama emfundo yezilwane. Lezi zinto aziphoxa izilwane ngokukhawuleza kodwa zihambisana nokuzalwa kwazo okanye ukuthi zibe nesifundo sokuzalwa kwezilwane. Lokhu kunokubophelela ukuthi kubhekwe izilwane ezingaphansi kwezinye ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokuba kubhekwe isibonelelo esingaphansi kwezinye. I-Neem oil yisithunzi esingaphansi esisebenzisa ngakumbi abafundi. Kusaziwe kakhulu ukuthi kubhekwe izilwane eziningi zokugcina, iphesithayide ebaxhengayo kwaye kunokuba yisikhundla sesithunzi esingaphansi esingaphansi kwezinye zokugcina izilwane kwiintsuku.

Izispraye zokugcina izilwane zisebenza kakhulu. Ungasipha ngqo kwiintsuku zakho ukuze ubhekwe izilwane. Abafundi baya kufuna ukukhetha izo zokugcina izilwane ozikwazi ukusebenzisa ngokumncane, nezimboni ezichazwe kakhulu. Izinkotho ziyisixhobo esisiseko. Zinokubeka izilwane phambi kokuba zibhekwe intsuku.

Abafundi baphandle kwezintlu zabo kufuneka bafunde konke imibhalo yezinto zokusebenza ngokucacileyo. Lokhu kufuneka kwenziwe ukubonisa ukuba bakhetha izinto zokusebenza ezipheleleyo kubo nokusebenzisa kulo ngendlela efanelekileyo, njengoko kufanele kusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo. Ngamathuba amaninzi asekhaya asebenzayo kwi-CIE Chemical kunye nezinye iindawo ezithembekileyo, abafundi baphandle kwezintlu zabo bafuna ukulawula izilwane zokuhlambulula njengoko bafuna ukunqamla ukuphuma kwamathuba okukhula kwezityalo.

Ukukhetha Izilwane Zokuhlambulula Ezifanelekileyo Ukuzikhipha Ngokukhulu

Amaphutha okuphatha izilwane zokuphatha amathuba ayinikwa kumzimba wokulima ukuphatha izilwane zokuphatha. Abalimi kufuneka baze bakhalele kwaye bafune iindlela ezinokusebenza ngazo. Okokuqala, kufuneka bavumane into yokuphatha izilwane zokuphatha abaziyiqhelisa. Izilwane ezahlukeneyo zifuna amaphutha okuphatha ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye lezi zizinto ziyakubiza izilwane zokuphatha eziphakathi, kwaye ezinye ziya kubiza izilwane zokuphatha ezininzi. Umzekelo, ukuba umlami unenkinga yezilwane zokuphatha zika-aphid, kufuneka afune amaphutha okuphatha awasebenzisa ukuphatha. Okwesibini, abalimi kufuneka bavumane ukuthi amaphutha okuphatha ayisafana kumhlaba.

Izilwane Zokuphatha Ezinkulu Zokugcina Abalimi Basebenzi

Amadoda amakhulu abanobubi kumanye imikhosi, kodwa indlela enkulu yokuqhuba kukuzimela. Lezi zilwane zinokubangela ububi obukhulu kumazwe, futhi zinokubangela ukungafiki kuphela kwemithombo. Kuzo zilwane ezinkulu zokubaluleka zikhiwa i-aphids, i-corn borers, nezilwane zokuphanda. I-aphids ziyizilwane ezingcwele ezinomthwalo wamazwe. Lezi zilwane zinokuvutha ngokukhulu, futhi zinokubangela ububi kumazwe amancane, okunokubangela ukuba aze akhangeleke ngokungafani kwayo. I-corn borers ziyindlela enkulu yokubaluleka, ikakhulu kubantu abazalisa izinkomo. Lezi zilwane zibhala kumazwe amancane, okunokubangela ukuba umhlaba uqale ukufika kwindawo yayo futhi ufile. I-armyworm nezinye, njengoko zilwane zokuphanda, zinokujabula izindawo zonke zemithombo ngeminyaka eminin’i ukuba azisondelwe. Abafundi baze baphelele isilwane esibizwa ngokuthi i-whitefly, esinye sezilwane zokuphanda izilwane.

Ziziphi izindlela ezingakusiza ekunciphiseni ukungafiki kuphela kwemithombo kusuka kwenkumbulo yezilwane?

Abafundi abakhulu banezindlela ezininzi ukuba bongezele isiphumo sesityalo kwaye bavule isibhakabhaka sezinyawo. Umqondo wokusebenza kwisikhalo esihle sasekhaya kukuphela kwezinto eziphambili. Kodwa oko akukho mthembiso ukuvumela izihlathi zibe mnyama, kubangela ukuthi izinyawo ziyekelwe. Abafundi kufuneka baphinde baphatha indlela yokugcina isityalo, okungukuba baplanthe isityalo esithile kwizihlathi zazo ngonyaka ngonyaka. Lokho kungakunceda ukubhekisa iindlela zokuzalwa zezinyawo kwaye kungabangela ukuba inani labo libe lincinane. Ngokwesibini, ukuplantha izihlathi ezinamathuba okubhekisa izinyawo kungakunceda kakhulu. Iziyilathi ezininzi zinamathuba okubhekisa izinyawo ngokukhulu kunye nezinye, kwaye ukukhetha lezi ziyilathi kungabangela ukuba izihlathi zibe zihle. Indlela enye enobungakanani yokuqiniseka kukusiza kwezinyawo ozikhoyo. Kunezinyawo eziphambili, njengezinyawo zomkhosi nezinyawo zomkhosi wokuphanda, ozikholwa izinyawo ezinamathuba okubhekisa izinyawo njengezinyawo zomkhosi.