The clothianidin insecticide yintoni yombili omkhulu osebenzisayo ukuvimba izinkomo zasekhaya phakathi komhlaba ezindala. Wavela ingxelo engeziwe kakhulu ekusebenziseni kubantu abahlawulelwa ngokuba uhlangothi lwakho lokubophela kwaye lokubuyisela izibopheleli ezintathu. Abahlawulelwa kunye nezinsiza kufuneka zifunde: yintoni amaxwebhu kunye namalayini aqhubekayo kuhlu kwe clothianidin? Ngendlela eyenza kuqala, sizobona ukuthi clothianidin yinhlangano engenayo, ukuthi sivelela ngokwesiphumo sokuthi sisebenza njengenhlangano lokuvimbela izinkomo kunye nokulandelana kanye nokugcina indlela yokulandela.
Umlilo wemfene we-clothianidin uyavamile, futhi ungaphumelela ukusetshenziswa kwezinyoni ezifanele ekhokhelini lencwadi. Ukuba kufanele, isebenza ngokubheka izindaba zomphoyiso zwakho nokuthi zingabhekisele ngezinye izinto esezisetyenziswa ngenqanawe yezinyoni, okungakwazi ukuphuma nokugcina abo. Ngokushesha lokhu, iyiphuzu elihle yokukhompha kwezinyoni — kunye nokuthi ingxenye yesikhathi sakhetha ukusuka kwezifundziswano ezifanele ukuvamisa amacropi. Kodwa kukholelwa ukuthi amandla akho kwemfene we-clothianidin akuzange aluhluleke umnyama nokanye namapholayithi.
Amaxhathu akufuneki ukwazi okuthile kule-clothianidin ngoba bayahlukanisa ukuba bafundise. Le-clothianidin ufaneleyo kuhlatyiswa kumaxhathu futhi uhlaziyiwe kuhambisana nokuphela kweendlebe, kodwa kunenqanawa emaphandleni. Izimbongi zifuneka ukuthi kunomthetho ongaphandle kwebees nezinye izinyathelo zethunywa, okungaba ungenziwa ukuba kube nenye ubees. Lokhu kungumehlo, ngoba iibees zikhululwa ukubhedlela endlebe nokuhlala kususa.
Umthwalo wesithuthi sokuqala clothianidin ube yindlela elungileyo lokuhlola amabhokisi bese kube khona ukuba abalimi babuyelele izinkomo zakhe. Ngokusebenzisa kuhambisana nokuhlola iintsuku ezifanayo, clothianidin iyabuya labalimi ukuphela ukususa isiphumo esezikhonozelelweyo kwisekhombisi, ngoko kunjalo bakufinyelela ukubuyela imibuzo eminingi. Kuneenketho zokugcina ukuba balimi babuse clothianidin ngenkinga yokulula kanye nokujikela ukuthi ingxenye yayo yendawo yokugcinwa.
Clothianidin ibuya labalimi ukuphela ukususa izinkomo zabo eziphumayo kumabhokisi, futhi le nto ifanele kakhulu labalimi. Ihlola amabhokisi okuvela kwaye akususa amabhokisi amanye njengemfene, ithrips, noma amabeetilizi, eyayiqhubeka ukuba yindlela elungileyo lokuhlola izinkomo. Ngokusebenzisa clothianidin, abalimi bazobuyela ukusebenzisa umthwalo omunye wezinsuketho ezininzi, okungakho lonto olungileyo endaweni, futhi kulungile ukuba clothianidin ikhethe ekuthathweni lokusebenzisa udlamano lokulula ukusuka.
Fumana ukufunda ngokuba ubungakanani bethi clothianidin uphumelela izibopheleli ezintathu kwaye zonke izikhowe ezaziphatha, yilungu elihle ngoba lingabizisa ukuthi ngaphandle kunye noma ungene lokugcina kwiindlela esiqiniswe kwenzelelo yokulandelana nokuziphatha. Izinhlovane zomhlophe zikhuphela ukubophela izinkomo eziphumapha kunye nokuhlola ukususa umlando wemfene, okuningi ukukhumbula iimiswe yesinqumo. Iingxoxo zithi ukuthi clothianidin akwazi ukubuyisela izibopheleli, uzokusetha amasomi abangaphansi kunye nokususa ukusuka kwabo. Lolu hlobo lwezinto zicacile ukuthi imiphi leyo clothianidin iphumelela kwiindlela ezaziphatha kunye nokulandelana kanye nenkathi yezigama.
Kwesilandelo sase-CIE, uzokubona izicateleni esizenzekayo kwisebeleko somphakathi kanye nezinye zezisebenzi ezithuthukiseyo ngenxa yokuba sihlola iimikhiqizo nemibono enhlanganiswa yezintsha ngabantu bethu belapho. Ngosuku lwe-21, ifaki lethu labhala kuphela kwiibhrendi zokugingqi. Ngemva kokufika kweminyaka engaphezulu, sifikelela izilimi eziphumaphi, njengesiArgentina, Brazil, Suriname, Paraguay, Peru, Afrika, Southern Asia, kunye nazo. Ngosuku lwesihlanu ne-2024, sibuyeleyo imigomo yebhasi nabo ababangako ngamashumi amathathu nezinye izilimi. Ngoku qwangindlela, sizofuneka ukuhambisana nokuthuthukisa amandla apho akusetyenziswa ngokuphephandwayo kumlando.
I zinto ezithunyelwe kwiqhosha lokuhlola esiyenzekelayo zilungiselela izicwangciso eziqhawukile nezindlela ezinethunywa kwenye indawo. Ukhuseleka ukuba kwaye umthengisi wamathumela. 1. Ukuzibophelela ngaphambi kokuthengiswa: Zizobheka amaxwebhu aphantsi kunye nokuthi zizofunisa abanini basebenzela ukubheka ngezimo ezifaneleyo, ukusetyenziswa, ukugcinwa, nokulima kunye nokuphucula imibhalo. Abanini bazokufika emsebenzini wethu ngemakhono, iimeyili noma ukuzibophelela kwiseva ngaphambi kokuthenga. 2. Ukuxhasa ngaphandle kokuthenga: Zizofundza ukuxhasa lomphathi lokuhlola, phakathi nje kwesikhombisa ukusetyenziswa kweqhosha lokuhlola, amagadla angaphambili, nokuhlola ukufunda, kwaye uzokusiza izigaba nokuhlola esiqhawukileyo. 1/3 3. Ukubuyisela ngaphandle kokuthenga: Zizobuya nokubuyisela ngaphandle kokuthenga kumabanini babalulekileyo bethu ukubona ubenzo bazo nokuhlonipha, zizoba zityipha izinkinga kunye namandla akho ukusihlaliswa.
I-Shanghai CIE Chemical Co.,ltd. yaziqhanywa ngomhlanu wesibini nesikhombisi sesithathu, 2013. I-CIE iyafokusa kwi-exports zokuhlanganisa eminyakeni wokuqala kokho esikulu. Ngokugcineneyo, sizohlala ukuthi sihlalele amaninzi okuncane ezilandelayo nezintloko ezincinci. Okunye, ifakethi yakwethu yiya yinkqubo yokulayisha we-Glyphosate phantsi kwamathathu umlando wesihlanu kunye ne-Acetochlor phantsi kwe-5000 tons. Okunye, sifundiswa nge-mahlayishti angaphambili ukuphatha i-Paraquat kunye ne-Imidacloprid. Ngoko ke, ukuvalwa kwethu kungaba lokungakhulu lapha kwindaweni yokuziphatha. Ngokuwo, izinto esizibonakalayo singaziphiwa ngokuba ziyi-SL, SC, OSC, OD, EC, EW, ULV, WDG, WSG, SG, G, nokuthi. Ngokugcineneyo, isigaba sakwethu sokubheka kunye nokuhlola sihlalale ukwenza ukubheka izifomula ezintsha ukuphatha amanye amagama okuyindlela yokusebenzela amanye amagama kusenzo kwindawo yokusebenza. Ngendlela hiyo, inkinga yenkqubo zethu ezintsha zingabona indlela yokusebenzela abantu abaningi ephandle komlandu ngaphandle komlandu. Sizingasebenza njalo njengoba siyiqhina lokhu. Okunye, ngonyaka woqo, sithumelela ukuthi sihlalele ukuthumela imigomo yesithathu umlando wesihlanu kunye nezinye ezilandelayo ezimbini nesithathu. Ngokugcineneyo, sithumelela ukuthi sihlalele ukubhala i-GLP reports yezinto ezilandelayo.
1. Ukuhlala okuthiwe: Amaphetha amaphathelene ngezantsi kunokuba zizama ukuphuma iindlela zakuziphatheka, ukusuka amandla kwezinyawo, ukuhlala okuthiwe nokuhlala kakhulu nezilimi ezifundekayo. 2. Ukugcina umsebenzi kunye nomoya: Ukusetyenziswa kweamaphetha akukho amandla amanye amagcinisi wezifundekayo kunye nokugcina imali yokusebenza nokuhlala. 3. Ukuguqula amalungu omkhakha: Amaphetha angqinisekisa ukubuyiselwa kwesikhashana, ukusukela izikhatsi zomgciwano, kunye nokusetshenziswa kwezifundekayo ezibuyiseli amalungu omkhakha. 4. Ukuguqulela uhlobo lompho kunye nokuhlola: Amaphetha angqinisekisa ukuba umpho kunye nokuhlola kwaye kufanele kube ngokulandelana nokuphumelela ukusukela izindlu zezinsimbi nokuhlola.
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